The establishment of the Birla Museum in the year 1954 at Pilani - a university town in Rajasthan known for technical education and situated about 200 km west of Delhi-marked the birth of the first museum of industry & technology in the country. It was then, as it is now, the only technological museum situated in a university campus in India . This museum provided a great deal of impetus and inspiration to establish a number of other technological museums elsewhere in India . The Birla museum at Pilani is the only technological museum in India which is privately sponsored.
Ghanshyam Das Birla was born on 10 April 1894 at Pilani village, in the Indian state then known as Rajputana, as a member of the MarwariMaheshwari community.[1] His grandfather, Shiv Narayana Birla, had diversified from the traditional Marwari business of moneylending against pawned items. G. D. Birla's father, Baldeodas Birla, was adopted from the Navalgarh Birla family.
With an investment of Rs.50 lakhs in 1919, the Birla
Brothers Limited was formed. A mill was set up in Gwalior in the same
year.
In 1926, he was elected to the Central Legislative Assembly of British
India.[2]
In 1940s, he ventured into the territory of cars and established Hindustan
Motors. After independence, Ghanshyam Das Birla invested in tea and textiles
through a series of acquisitions of erstwhile European companies. He also
expanded and diversified into cement, chemicals, rayon and steel tubes.
Ghanshyam Das Birla during the Quit India movement of 1942, had conceived
the idea of organizing a commercial bank with Indian capital and management,
and the United Commercial Bank Limited was incorporated to give shape
to that idea. Uco Bank, formerly United Commercial Bank, established in
1943 in Kolkata, is one of the oldest and major commercial bank of India.
Envisioning infrastructural development in his hometown,
Birla founded the Birla Engineering College in Pilani and Technological
Institute of Textile & Sciences in Bhiwani among other educational institutions
in 1943. Both colleges have evolved over the years to develop into one
of India's best engineering schools. Now Pilani also houses a wing of
Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CEERI), a famous residential,
public school christened after Birla's family and a number of polytechnic
colleges. The town of Pilani and the local population enjoy a highly symbiotic
relationship with these institutions, thereby stepping towards realizing
G.D.'s dream. TIT&S also evolved as Center of Excellence in Textile based
education and training. In 1957, he was awarded India's second highest
civilian honour, the Padma Vibhushan by the Government of India.
There is a memorial to Ghanshyam Birla in Golders Green Crematorium, Hoop
Lane, London. It comprises a large statue overlooking the gardens with
an inscription.He died in 1983 at the age of 90.
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